Examples of ITS/FOT data storage and access being utilized successfully

The catalogue information was compiled by the CARTRE project in 2018, updated by ARCADE in 2021.

SHRP2

The SHRP2 database (http://www.trb.org/StrategicHighwayResearchProgram2SHRP2/Blank2.aspx, accessed 17 September 2021) contains NDS data from over 3,400 drivers recruited from six locations in the United States, in total more than 5 million trips. The main parts of the dataset were collected in 2012–2013. Data includes video, sensor, vehicle network, and participant assessment data, as well as summary data related to events and trips. Roadway elements can be obtained from the Roadway Information Database (RID).

The data is stored at Virginia Tech in the US and the organisation is provided funding to keep the dataset available to researchers from the US DOT. Still, the model used is that if an organisation would like specific work done, such as additional dataset extracted or annotations of video, the organisation needs to pay for their own specific request. In this way, the funding goes to maintenance and access facilities for sustainable availability and storage of both original data and refined datasets used for papers.

The users of the SHRP2 data are from different parts of the world, the majority being from the United States. Data access is based on the level of detail requested and the need for personally identifying information (PII) either through the InSight website (available at https://insight.shrp2nds.us, accessed 17 September 2021) or via a data use license (DUL). Video and GPS can only be accessed within a secure data enclave. There were 174 active DULs for SHRP2 data, and between 20 and 30 requests per month as of two years after the dataset was opened up for re-use.

UDRIVE

UDRIVE (2012–2017) was the first large-scale European Naturalistic Driving Study, equipping 120 cars, 50 trucks and 40 powered two wheelers. The data was collected in six countries in Europe. The acquired data includes: vehicle data, Mobileye, video (seven views: driver face, pedals, cockpit, steering wheel, front middle, left front, right front), GNSS, and questionnaires.

UDRIVE was by definition a data-sharing project. Data management was centralised since all the collected pre-processed data was stored and managed by a Central Data Center (CDC). The CDC provided remote access to all analysis sites, and all analysis was performed on one single dataset.

To protect the data throughout the data handling chain, a data protection concept was developed. The concept also set specific requirements for data protection after the project. To protect the personal data, video and GPS, the dataset could only be accessed via a secure enclave at one of the project partners.

After the project, former UDRIVE partners started the UDRIVE Data User Group, to jointly co-finance data availability until the end of 2020. Since then, partners have hosted the complete or partial dataset after having implemented secure data protection as part of UDRIVE Data Protection Concept. The datasets have been available to researchers within their organizations. External parties could have access to the data if they take part in joint research projects. Personal data is restricted to onsite access.

The organizations holding a copy of the UDRIVE data are SWOV, Chalmers University, CEESAR (only car data), IFSTTAR (only car), DLR, Loughborough University, AB Volvo (only truck) and Leeds University.

ITS Public Data Hub

In recent years, the US Department of Transportation’s ITS Joint Program Office’s (JPO) Research Data Exchange (RDE) collected and published data from various tests, especially C-ITS pre-deployment tests. RDE has now been deprecated and datasets have been transferred to ITS Public Data Hub (available at www.its.dot.gov/data/), which is a publicly funded organisation. The ITS Public Data Hub provides a single point of entry to over 100 public datasets, enabling third-party research and harmonization of similar data. Much of the data is about connected vehicle tests, the latest addition being Wyoming DOT Connected Vehicle Pilot in early 2018 (https://www.its.dot.gov/data/about/, accessed June 2 2018)

The JPO has been setting up further practices for sharing also data, which cannot become fully public for privacy or confidentiality reasons. They are developing controlled-access research data systems providing varying access rights (https://www.its.dot.gov/data/public-access/, accessed June 2 2018).